Tip: Collective nouns in American English are often singular. Use the thitd person singular. The team wins every game. The couple works in the city Tip: The noun after there is or there are is the subject of that sentence. There is a dictionary on the table. There are three reasons for my decision. Pronouns with every-, some-, or any- are always singular. Nouns with each or every are also singular Everyone has an accent of some kind.
Every student needs a book and a workbook. Can you identify the mistake in each one and correct it? Sometimes parents and a child does not agree on what is best for the child's future. People say that the airline industry is in trouble and airlines face many economic problems, but all of the flights on my recent vacation trip was full.
Find the three errors in subject-verb agreement. Underline the errors and write the corrections above them, eee eee Celebrating with Fireworks In many countries around the world, fireworks are used to commemorate special occasions. Mexicans celebrates Independence Day on September 16th with parades, fairs, fireworks, and rodeos. In Japan, the Sumidagawa Fireworks Festival is year-old competition among rival pyrotechnic groups. It takes place on the last Saturday in July.
People across the world uses spectacular fireworks in a variety of ways. Word Forms One word may have several forms, depending on whether it is a noun, verb, adjective, or adverb. For example, move is a verb, and movement is a noun. Not all words have all four of these forms. It contains seven errors in word forms. Underline each error and write the correct form above it. Marwan takes good notes in class, —— Marwan studies his notes every day.
Put a check 7 next to the five titles that are the most appropriate for a cause-effect essay. Be prepared to defend your choices. The Damaging Effects of a Tsunami.. Many writers focus on immediate and direct causes or effects. Here is an example of an outline in which the writer looks at the effects of climate on recreational choices and health. Introduction A. Hook B. Connecting information. Thesis statement: Sunshine can affect people's moods, choice of activities, and fashion, Body Paragraph 1: Mood A.
Increased melatonin production — better mood and sense of well-being. Beach B. Outdoor sports Body Paragraph 3: Fashion A. Lighter-colored clothes support B, Lighter fabrics, less fabric volleyball and looking for shells B.
Picnics 1. Socializing 2. Griling outdoors C. Outdoor sports 1. Individual sports like golf 2. The outline is missing important pieces.
First, write down as much information as you can about the negative effects of social media on teens in the brainstorm area. Compare your information with a classmate, Then use the words and phrases above the outline on the next page to fill in the missing pieces. Brainstorm area: depression eye strain hook low grades opinion psychological reduced concentration thesis thesis statement Title: The Harmful Effects of Social Media on Teens I.
Introduction A B. Connecting information c Tl. Antisocial behavior B. Lethargy B. Body Paragraph 3: Educational effects A B. Conclusion A, Restate the B. Summarize the main points C. Then, read the paragraph and essay and answer the questions that follow. You read the paragraph on the left—on the topic of dropping out—in Unit 3.
This paragraph has been expanded into a five-paragraph cause-effect essay on the right, The highlighted portions of the essay are the same as or similar to portions of the paragraph. Notice that many of the supporting examples in the paragraph have become main ideas for topic sentences in the essay.
Preview Questions 1, Can you name two reasons that students drop out of the university? Do you know someone who dropped out of college? What was the main reason? What would you suggest to students who are thinking about dropping out of school? Universities, especially private ones, :must charge exorbitant fees to keep their doors open, and some students do not have the means to continue their studies, Even public universities have had to increase their fees.
Without private ones, must charge exorbitant fees to adequate amounts of tate and federal tax dollars, the increasing cost of tition, textbooks, housing and other activities often falls om the student and his or her family.
As a result many students not have the means to continue their studies. One of the most common reasons is financial. Due to being unprepared forall the studying involved in demanding. In high school they may have they find the rigors of the coursework too the studying involved in maintaining good seen oyerachievers and regularly appeared on the honor rll grades and end up leaving the university College is different.
There are few people pushing students to study and do well in all aspects of university life. They cannot cope with the absence of family.
The living with strangers. They cannot cope with to go back tothe nest. Does the writer tell about causes, effects, or both? Circle the thesis statement. Is the thesis restated in the conclusion Paragraph 5? Ifyes, underline that sentence. In Paragraph 4, the writer discusses the difficult study environment for many new students. How does the writer organize the essay: categorically, chronologically, or order of importance? Finding Word Forms in Essays Study the word forms below and fill in the missing forms.
Ne esc s 4, difficulty x x 6. Choose one of these titles and brainstorm some ideas for the topic. Use a brainstorming technique from Unit 4, pages , Then with a partner, in a small group, or on your own, develop a general outline for an essay.
Below the brainstorm area, indicate what your essay will focus on and how your details will be organized. You will not write this essay.
For additional practice, repeat this activity with one of the other four titles. Then, copy the sentences from the essay that contain the following connectors and transitions. Note: This tense is not used very often. Use the simple past instead. Whichever form it takes— television, stage, or film—acting is a form of entertainment that many people enjoy.
In stage acting, the same performance is repeated, and the sets stay the same for each performance. Ifthe star ofa stage play isinjured or cannot perform, the understudy fills in. Many people say that there is nothing more entertaining than watching actors performing live onthe stage. For instance, ifthe tory ine of a film happens to take place in Russia, the film crew and actors «can go on location in that country to film.
While screenplays have a beginning, a middle, and an end, the filming of movies does not have to be in chronological order. That is, actors may memorize their lines for the ending of the movie and film those scenes before working on the beginning. Because it is not a live performance, directors may request that an actor repeat a scene until they are happy with the results, This can lead to boredom on the par ofthe actor.
Stil it is Interesting to note that different forms of acting have unique characteristics. Regardless ofthe type of acting one enjoys, it is safe to say that the audience appreciates the eraft of acting and the many hours of enjoyment that it provides.
Circle one a. Circle the writer's hook. Underline the thesis statement. Ifso, underline that sentence or sentences. What three things are they responsible for creating? Which paragraph talks about actors getting bored? Explain why these types of actors might get bored while acting.
Reread the concluding paragraph of Essay 7. Does the writer offer a suggestion, an opinion, or a prediction? Circle the appropriate word in bold and write the sentence from the essay. Choose one of the titles and brainstorm some ideas for that topic. Use the brainstorming techniques from Unit 4, pages For additional practi Topic: repeat this activity with one of the other four titles.
Conclusion Concluding statement Connectors and Transitions Connectors and transitions are words or phrases that show the relationship between sentences or ideas within a sentence.
Study the chart of common connectors and transitions and their functions in parentheses to use in classification essays. See the Brief Writers Handbook with Activities, pages , for more information on connectors and transitions. Find the connectors and transition words listed below.
Complete each sentence from the essay. Then write the function of the phrase. Hint: Use the chart on the previous page for help. SEE ss Function: 2. In contrast, the passive voice is used to put more emphasis on the receiver of the action than on the subject agent. In the passive voice, the subject agent of the sentence becomes the receiver ofthe action.
Study the four steps in forming the passive voice in the chart on the next page. Step 1: Switch the locations of the subject and the object. Active Voice: Andre broke his new cricket bat. Passive Voice: The new cricket bat was broken by Andre. Step 2: Add a form of the verb to be. Keep the verb tense of the original active voice verb. Active Voice: Andre brpka is new cricket bat.
Step 4: Add the preposition by to show who performed the action. Note: This step is used only when this information is new or important. Using the Passive Voice Be sure to use the passive voice only when itis necessary. If you have three consecutive sentences with the passive voice, itis a good idea to revise one or more of them to take an active verb. The Pas Rewrite the following active v re Voice e sentences as passive voice sentences, 1.
The students made mistakes. Ursula gave a gift to John. Fire destroyed the forest near our home. An adjective clause consists of a relative pronoun that, which, or who followed by a verb and sometimes an object. It describes the noun that comes before it Use that or w is more common. That hick soup that contains seafood or meat Use who or that is preferred. Everyone likes the professor which teaches the introduction to psychology course. Oilis produced mainly in the Middle East, but Venezuela, which lies in South America, also produces it 4.
How many times have you eaten in the Italian restaurant who is located downtown? Iam not sure that it was written by my teacher! The skills that are needed by modern soldiers cannot be taught in a six these soldiers sent abroad. Before we continue the discussion that was interrupted yesterday, let me begin today by explaining that pain is something is felt in your brain.
The Prague Zoological Garden, one of the most child-friendly zoos, are said to be the number one zo0 in Europe. Vacations for Everyone 1 On hearing the word vacation, most people react positively. Prospective travelers spend hours, if not days, researching their travel destination.
While the destination has a lot to do with the success of a trip, there are other factors to consider. Seasoned travelers will argue that more important than where they go on vacation is who they go on vacation with.
Vacations can be classified on the basis of travel partners. Itcan be a weekend. Itcan bea spontaneous getaway. Itcan be a trip around the world. Complete the sentences with the connectors and transitions from the box. The success ofa trip often depends on the relationship that the family members have with one another.
On the basis of these comments, rewrite this paragraph on the blank lines. Close friends often have similar personalities, so there will probably not be How is this sentence related alot of fighting during the trip. If friends are close, even a terrible trip will not ruin wrong transition the friendship. A special closeness 6 is create word form during the trip.
They share both the 7 goodness and the bad memories. Now rewrite the paragraph with corrections. They are in articles two , passive voice one , subject-verb agreement two , parallelism one , and word form one. It takes special person to feel comfortable doing this. This type of individual feel comfortable being alone and having limited company. As for transportation, single travelers are often a luckiest travelers.
They have more chances of getting plane seats on stand-by, and sometimes their seats upgrade to first class.
This would be impossible to do with a larger group. Sightseeing is also not a problem for single travelers. They can choose to wake up late in the day, sightsee at night, or skip lunch if they feel like it. Conversely, they might experience feelings of lonely from not being able to talk to someone else about the wonderful things they are seeing, the great foods they are eating, and the amazing experiences.
Many single travelers loves the solitary adventure and say that they learn a lot about themselves while traveling. Underline the correct word or phrase in parentheses. What specific topic does the writer classify in this essay? What principle of organization does the writer use: price, travel companions, or destination? Reread the concluding paragraph. Does the writer offer a suggestion, an opi Circle the appropriate word in bold and write the sentence from the essay.
Use a separate piece of paper for your work. Follow the seven steps in the writing process to complete your essay. Step 2: Brainstorm Using a method that works for you, brainstorm ideas about your topic. Use your partner's comments to revise your outline. Step 4: Write the First Draft Use the information from Steps to write the first draft of your classification essay.
Be sure to use at least two of the vocabulary words or phrases presented in Activities 15 and Read your partner's essay. Step 6: Revise the First Draft Use your partner's comments from Step 5 to help you revise your essay.
Step 7: Proofread the Final Draft Use the following checklist to review your final draft, Use all the feedback that you have received, including peer feedback, instructor comments, and self-evaluation. In addition, try reading your essay aloud. When you finish, add a title to your essay. O My essay is clearly a classification essay.
The purpose of my essay is clear. O Each body paragraph has a clear topic sentence. O Allexamples of this topic fit into one of the categories listed. Q Supporting details in the paragraphs are parallel O Lused connecting transition words and expressions correctly.
Q My use of punctuation is correct. O The concluding paragraph has words and phrases that signal the end of the essay. The conclusion does not introduce any new ideas.
O Tused at least two of the vocabulary words or phrases presented in Activities 15 and Tunderlined them. Additional Topics for Writing Here are five more ideas for writing a classification essay. Classify a collection of something, such as pets or things found in nature, into distinct categories.
There are many times when you must write quickly, such as on a test, It is important to feel comfortable during those times. Read the essay guidelines and the writing prompt. Write a basic outline, including the thesis and your three main points. Write a five-paragraph essay. You have 40 minutes to write your essay.
You will want to refer to these seven steps many times as you write your essays. The Assignment Imagine that you have been given the following assignment: Write an essay in which you discuss one aspect of vegetarianism. What should you do first? What should you do second, third, and so on? These steps are guidelines that are not always followed in order, Look at this list of steps.
Which ones do you regularly do? Which ones have you never done? STEP 3: Outline. STEP 4: Write the first draft. STEP 5: Get feedback from a peer. STEP 6: Revise the first draft. STEP 7: Proofread the final draft. Next, you will see how one student, Hamda, went through the steps to do the assignment. First, read the final essay that Hamda gave her teacher.
Although it has caught on slowly in western society, vegetarianism is a way of life that can help improve not only the quality of people's lives but also their longevity. Because demand for meat animals is so high, cattle are being raised in areas where rain forests once stood. As rain forest land is cleared in order to make room for cattle ranches, the environmental balance is upsets this imbalance could have serious consequences for humans.
Meat, unlike vegetables, can contain very large amounts of fat. Eating this fat has been connected—in some research cases—to certain kinds of cancer. In fact, The St. If people cut down on the amounts of meat they ate, they would automatically be lowering their risks of disease. Furthermore, cating animal fat can lead to obesity, and obesity can cause numerous health problems. For example, obesity can cause people to slow down and their heart to have to work harder.
This results in high blood pressure. Meat is also high in cholesterol, and this only adds to health problems. With so much fat consumption worldwide, itis no wonder that heart disease isa leading killer. Eating certain kinds of vegetables, such as broccoli, brussels sprouts, and cauliflower, has been shown to reduce the chance of contracting colon cancer later in life.
Vegetables do not contain cholesterol, either. Furthermore, native inhabitants of areas of the world where people eat more vegetables than meat, notably certain areas of Central Asia, routinely live to be over one hundred. These same individuals say that humans are naturally carnivores and cannot help wanting to consume a juicy piece of red meat.
However, anthropologists have shown that early hhumans ate meat only when other foods were not abundant. Man is, inherently a herbivore, not a carnivore.
There is a common thread for those people who switch from eating meat to consuming only vegetable products. Although the change of diet is difficult at first, most never regret their decision to become a vegetarian. They feel better, and those around them comment that they look better than ever before. As more and more people are becoming aware of the risks associated with meat consumption, they too will make the change.
As you consider the assignment topic, you have to think about what kind of essay you may want to write. Will you list different types of vegetarian diets? Will you talk about the history of vegetarianism? Will you argue that vegetarianism is or is not better than eating animal products? Hamda chose to write an argumentative essay about vegetarianism to try to convince readers of its benefits. The instructor had explained that this essay was to be serious in nature and have facts to back up the claims made.
In this step, you write every idea about your topic that pops into your head. Some of these ideas will be good, and some will be bad; write them all. If one idea looks especially good, you might circle that idea or put a check next to it.
IF you write an idea and you know right away that you are not going to use it, you can cross it out, Benefits for me 1. Why I changed 1. Notice a few items in the diagram. Then she realized that this point would be a good number 3 in the list of health benefits, so she drew an arrow to show that she should move it there.
Getting the Information How would you get the information for this brainstorming exercise? Remember that any information you get from an outside source needs to be credited in your essay. Can you find the places where she used outside sources to back up her ideas? Step 3: Outline Next, create an outline for the essay. Introduction A, Define vegetarianism B. List different types C.
Thesis statement Il. Environmental benefits Find sources to support! A, Rain forests B. Global warming Il Health issues Find sources to support! High blood pressure and heart disease C. Cancer-fighting properties of broccoli and cauliflower, etc. Counterargument and refutation A. Counterargument: Man is carnivore. Refutation V. Conclusion A. Restate thesis B. Opinion: Life will improve. You should include examples, reasons, explanations, definitions, or personal experiences.
In some cases, such as this argumentative essay on vegetarianism, itis a good idea to include outside sources or expert opinions that back up your claims. One common technique for generating supporting details is to ask specific ques topic, for example: What is it?
How did this happen? What is it like or not like? As she wrote each paragraph of the essay, she paid careful attention to the language she used. She chose a formal sentence structure including a variety of sentence types. In addition, her sentences varied in length, with the average sentence containing almost 20 words.
Sentences in conversation tend to be very short; sentences in academic writing tend to be longer. Hamda also took great care in choosing appropriate vocabulary. In addition to specific terminology, such as obesity, blood pressure, and consumption, she avoided the conversational you in the essay, instead referring to people and individuals.
In this step, you use information from your brainstorming session and outline to write the essay. At this point, you should not worry about correcting the errors. You dont talk about hamburgers anynoret?
Vegetarianism has caught on slowly in some parts and it of the world. Cattle are being raised in areas where is not topic [the rainforest once stood. As rain forest land is cleared in massive amounts in order to lcentence make room for the cattle ranches, the environmental balance is being upset. This could For exaneple, transition? You need a more specific topic relating to health feat contains a high amount of fat Eating this fat has been connected in research cases with certain kinds of cancer.
Furthermore, eating animal fat can lead to obesity, and obesity can cause many different kinds of diseases, for example, obesity can cause people to slow down and their heart to have to work harder.
Meat is high in cholesterol, and this only adds to the health problems. With the high consumption of animal fat by so many people, it is no wonder that heart disease is a leading killer.
And necessary? In fact, it can even save someone's life, Eating certain kinds of vegetables, such as broccoli, brussel sprouts, and cauliflower, has been shown to combine sentences? The program also talked about how diseases can be spread from cow or Sie pig to humans due to unsanitary conditions.
Shortly after I saw this show, I decided to try ie without eating meat, Although it was difficult at first, I have never regretted my decision to become a vegetarian I feel better and my friends tell me that I look better than ever before This is too short! Try it Hrewwia aise Boag prediction or suggestion for the reader. In some cases, your first draft may not follow your outline exactly.
That is OK. Sometimes they go back and forth between steps. The writing process is much more like a cycle than a line, Reread Hamdai first draft with her teacher's comments. Even native speakers who are good writers do not write an essay only one time. They rewrite as many times as necessary until the essay isthe best that it can be. Make notes to yourself about what to change, what to add, or what to reconsider. Then go back and fill in the space later If you write a word that you know is not the right one, circle or underline itso you can fil in the right word later.
Do not stop writing. When people read your draft, they can see these areas you are having trouble with and offer comments that may help. Just as a good housekeeper throws away unnecessary things from the house, a good writer throws out unnecessary or wrong words or sentences.
Use a word-processing program, if possible, to make writing and revising easier. Peer editing is important in the writing process. You do not always see your own mistakes or places where information is missing because you are too close to the essay that you created. Ask someone to read your draft and give you feedback about your writing. Choose someone that you trust and feel comfortable with. While some people feel uneasy about peer editing, the result is almost always a better essay.
React to the comments on the peer editing sheet. Reread the essay and make changes. Rewrite the essay one more time. Step 7: Proofread the Final Draft Most ofthe hard work is over now. Proofread your essay for grammar, punctuation, and spelling errors and to see if the sentences flow smoothly.
The next time you read your essay, your head will be clearer and you will be more likely to see any problems. In fact, you will read the composition as another person would. Writing an assignment is never a one-step process.
For even the most gifted writers, itis often a multiple-step process. However, you may not have fixed all of the errors. One way to improve an essay is to ask a classmate, friend, or teacher to read it and make suggestions. Your reader may discover that one of your paragraphs is missing a topic sentence, that you have made grammar mistakes, or that your essay needs better vocabulary choices. Why do people quit their jobs? Is the punctuation correct?
Is the vocabulary suitable for the intended audience? Does the essay have an appropriate hook? She had had enough of her coworkers abuse. Every day they would make fun of her and talk about her behind her back. Joannis work environment was too stressful, so she quit.
Many employees quit their jobs. First, the job does not fit the worker, Job seekers may accept a job without considering thei shils. Is especially true when the economy is slowing and jobs are hard to find.
The workers may try their best to change themselves depending on the work. However, at some point they realize that they are not cut out in this line of work and end up quitting, This lack of understanding or ability make people feel uncomfortable in their jobs.
So they begin to look for other work. Another reason people quit their jobs is the money. Why do people work in the first place? If employees are underpaid, he cannot earn enough to support himself or his family.
The notion of working, earning a decent salary, and enjoy life is no longer possible. Itis really difficult for an employee to wake up every morning, knowing that they will be spending the next eight or nine hours in a dysfunctional environment.
The problem can be with bosses or coworkers but the result is the same. Imagine working for a discriminate boss or colleagues which spread rumors, The stres levels increases until that employee cannot stand the idea of going to work. The employee quits his or her job in the hope of finding a more calm atmosphere somewhere else.
Work should not be a form of punishment. For those people who have problems with not feeling comfortable on the job, not getting paid enough, and not respected, it does feel like punishment. As a result, they quit and continue their search for a job that will give them a sense of pride, safety, and friends. The introduction here is abread explaining one of the reasons for quitting a job. This information should be in the body of the essay.
Joann quit her high-paying job last week. The roblen can be with bosses pune, add conenea word choive or coworkers but the result is the same.
How is it the same as the first draft? How is it different? Did the writer fix all the sentence mistakes? When it was time for these employees to retire, companies would offer a generous pension package and, sometimes, a token of appreciation, such as a watch, keychain, or other trinket.
Oh, how times have changed. Nowadays, people—especially younger workers—jump from job to job like bees fly from flower to flower to pollinate. This is too simple an explanation, however. In other words, job seekers may accept a job without considering their aptitude for it. This is especially true when the economy is slowing and jobs are hard to find. The workers may try their best to adapt, themselves to the work. However, at some point they realize that they are not cut out for this line of work and end up quitting.
Why do people work in the frst place? If employees are underpaid, they cannot earn enough to support themselves or their families. The notion of working, earning a decent salary, and enjoying life is no longer viable. In this case, underpaid workers have no choice but to quit their jobs and search for a better-paying position.
Pethaps the most discouraging situation that leads people to quit their jobs is personality conflicts. It is extremely difficult for an employee to wake up every morning knowing that he or she will be spending the next eight or nine hours in a dysfunctional and often destructive environment.
The discord can be with bosses or coworkers, but the result is the same. Imagine working for a bigoted boss or colleagues who spread rumors. The stress levels increase until that employee can no longer stand the idea of going to work.
In the end, the employee quits his or her job with the hope of finding a more serene atmosphere somewhere else. For those people who struggle with not feeling comfortable on the job, not getting paid enough, and not being respected, it does fee! Always capitalize the first word of a sentence. Several factors contributed to the failure of the plan.
Because of the weather, all flights were delayed. All flights were delayed because of the weather. John brought the dessert, and brought some drinks. The winners of the contest were Nathaniel and 3. Capitalize proper nouns—the names of specific people, places, or things. Compare these example pairs. When our teacher Mr. Hill visited his home state of Arizona, he took a short trp to see the Grand Canyon.
Capitalize the names of people from those areas, Capitalize the names of languages. People from Brazil are called Brazilians. They speak Portuguese. People from Germany are called Germans. They speak German. Capitalize titles of works, such as books, movies, and pieces of art. If you look at the example paragraphs and essays in this book, you will notice that each of them begins with a title.
Ina title pay attention to which words begin with a capital letter and which words do not. Make the corrections above the errors, 1, two months that are more than thirty days long are March and July. In the original calendar by the romans, September was the seventh Month. The word april can be the name of a month or a girl.
Be sure to use correct capitalization. You may need to consult a reference book or an Internet source for some questions 1, The acronym USSR is no longer used because that country does not exist. One of the most popular brands of automobiles is 5.
The first person to walk on the moon was named 6. My favorite restaurant is 8. Seoul, Inchon, and Busan are large cities in 9, The summer months are, and Rewrite them with correct capitalization.
Read the following paragraph. Circle the capitalization errors and make corrections above the errors. They got inside the store and began to put things in a bag, Officer Jenkins was driving his car by the store at that very moment. Suddenly, the robbers saw the police car coming near the Store.
They rushed outside, but they did not have time to escape. There were two big Bushes near the window, so each robber went behind one of the bushes. Officer jenkins saw one of the robbers and grabbed him.
They've caught us! OO facts about the month of September september is the ninth month of the year. It is important to know how to use all three of them correctly. Of these three, however, the period is by far the most commonly used punctuation mark. A period is used at the end of a declarative sentence. This sentence is a declarative sentence. This sentence is not question. All three of these sentences end with a period, 2. A question mark is used at the end of a question, Is this idea difficult?
Isit hard to remember the name of this mark? How many questions are in this group? An exclamation point is used at the end of an exclamation. Itis less common than the other two marks. In fact, a piece of academic writing—whether the assignment is a paragraph or an essay—usually has no exclamation points.
This is the best writing book in the world! Now finally understand all of these examples! Wow, I cannot believe how tall you are 2. Is Abigail going to take her dog for a walk 3. Make sure you brush your teeth before you go to bed 4. How many people are going to the circus 5. Circle every end punctuation mark. Then answer these questions. How many final question marks are there?
How many final exclamation points are there? What is the total number of sentences? Use this last number to calculate the percentages for each of the categories.
Does the period occur most often? How common are question marks and exclamation points? Here are some of the most common ones. There should be a comma between the items in alist. He speaks French and English. No comma is needed because there are only two items.
She speaks French, English, and Chinese. A comma separates two sentences when there is combining word coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, so, for, nor, and yet. Students can register for lasses in person, or they can submit their applications by email 3.
In conclusion, doctors are advising people to take more vitamins. First, you will need a pencil Because of the heavy rains, many of the roads were flooded. Finally, add the nuts to the batter. A comma is used to separate an appositive from the rest of the sentence. An appositive is a word or group of words that renames a noun. An appositive provides additional information about the noun. In this sentence, the phrase the first president of the United States is an appositive.
This phrase renames or explains the noun Washington. A comma is sometimes used with adjective clauses. An adjective clause usually begins with a relative pronoun who, that, which, whom, whose, whoever, or whomever. We use a comma when the information in the clause is unnecessary or extra. This is also called a nonrestrictive clause. The book that is on the teacher's desk is the main book for this class.
In this case, do not set off the adjective clause with a comma. The History of Korea, which is on the teacher's desk, is the main book for this class. The name of the book is given, so the information in the adjective clause is not necessary to help the reader identify the book, In this case, you must use commas to show that the information in the adjective clause is extra, or nonrestrictive.
Some sentences may be correct, and others may need more than one comma. Despite the foul weather we had a remarkably smooth flight.
My favorite vegetables are broccoli carrots and corn, 4. Ron's favorite vegetables are summer squash and green beans. Tomorrow afternoon I plan on going biking and swimming.
First make sure you clean your room. Spain France and Italy are fun countries to visit. Without their ability to use sonar bats would not be able to fly at night.
The lion which is often referred to as the king of the jungle is a ferocious hunter. Because of his broken arm Emanuel will not be able to play tennis tomorrow. As part of their vacation Ben Mike and Adam went to visit the village of Tomok.
I have several brothers. I have only one brother. That laptop is the lightest one that I have ever held. When you go to bed make sure you turn off all the lights. They indicate either a contraction or a possession.
Contractions: Use an apostrophe in a contraction in place of the letter or letters that have been deleted. He's he is or he has , they're they are , ve have , we'd we would or we had Possession: Use an apostrophe to indicate possession. Add an apostrophe and the letter s after the word. Ifa plural word already ends in s, then just add an apostrophe.
Gandhi's role in the history of India yesterday's paper the boy's books One boy has some books. XSi Correct the apostrophe errors in these sentences. My three friends children are all well behaved.
Both airlines logos consist of a dark blue wing with multiple stars. Quotation Marks Below are three of the most common uses for quotation marks. The comma is inside the quotation marks.
This style is called indirect speech. Some sentences may not need them, Remember the rules for placing commas, periods, and question marks inside or outside the quotation marks, 1, As walked past the room, T heard the teacher say, Be sure to turn in your homework tomorrow.
According to research published in the Ultimate Medical Guide, My wife says that I should buy her flowers once a week. I told her that would be fine as long as I could pay with her credit card, 4.
The days when we have to dress warmly are certainly few, and some people wear shorts outside almost every month of the year. Add contents to one glass of warm water. Drink just before bedtime. Semicolons The semicolon is used most often to combine two related sentences. After you practice using the semicolon, it will be a very easy and useful punctuation tool in your writing.
Great Writing 1 Pdf Free Download is a series of books that will teach you how to write well-organized and effective sentences, paragraphs, and essays. It shows you not only what to do but how to do it. Through clear explanations and extensive practical activities, this course helps students write better sentences, paragraphs, and essays.
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The Great Writing series helps students write better sentences, paragraphs, and essays. Paragraphs and essays help students practise putting ideas together in ways that make sense to others. Both feature examples and exercises designed to help students understand, use, and create grammar accurately.
Stories, both fiction and non-fiction, are often used as a basis for writing. Peer editing helps provide a real-world context for the mechanics of writing found in the rest of the program.
He is the author of 57 textbooks on a variety of subjects from grammar to vocabulary to composition, including five best-selling books in the Great Writing series by National Geographic Learning.
She has taught in intensive English, college-level, and worksite study ESL programs. Her current academic interests include reading and writing skills as well as listening-speaking strategies. Additionally, she has had extensive experience in the areas of international student advising and event programming.
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